Cholesterol profile. Do you have high cholesterol? Find out -- at least once every 4-6 years (or more frequently if you have high cholesterol and you're at risk for a heart attack). Controlling your cholesterol can add years to your life. Blood sugar. Untreated diabetes can destroy your health, causing heart disease, kidney failure, and blindness. Don't let it. Get a fasting blood sugar test or other screening test for diabetes or prediabetes at least once every 3 years, and take control of diabetes early.