Just like the sky, blue eyes don’t contain any blue pigment. Instead, the way they absorb and reflect light waves makes them look blue.
The iris – or the coloured part of the eye – has two layers. The back layer, the pigment epithelium, contains brown pigment in people of all eye colours. The front layer, called the stroma, is made up of overlapping fibres. In people with brown eyes, some of these cells contain brown pigment – also called melanin. In blue eyes, the cells have no pigment at all. These colourless fibres absorb longer wavelengths of light and reflect shorter wavelengths, making them look blue.
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