"Choosing the right foods to fuel your gut microbiome is key," Bazilian says. "Research shows that walnuts may be a good choice because of their prebiotic properties, which support gut health and enhance the growth of beneficial bacteria."Walnuts offer important nutrients that support brain health, and according to Bazilian, scientific evidence suggests that including walnuts as part of a healthy diet may play a role in helping to maintain and improve cognitive health as people age. For instance, according to a study published in The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging, eating walnuts may help improve performance on cognitive function tests for memory, concentration, and information processing speed in adults