A vocalist does several things for vocal hygiene, including: 1. Proper warm-up: A vocalist engages in warm-up exercises such as vocal scales, lip trills, and humming to prepare the vocal cords. 2. Hydration: Staying hydrated by drinking plenty of water helps keep the vocal cords lubricated. 3. Avoiding irritants: Vocalists steer clear of smoking, excessive caffeine, alcohol, and spicy foods that can irritate the vocal cords. 4. Resting the voice: Adequate rest is crucial to prevent vocal fatigue and damage.