3. Train speed management: Implementing and enforcing appropriate speed limits based on the condition of the track, weather conditions, curves, and other factors is crucial. Trains should be operated at speeds that are safe for the specific track section to prevent excessive stress on the track, wheels, and axles. 4. Implement positive train control (PTC) systems: PTC systems use advanced technologies to automatically control train speeds and improve safety. These systems can monitor the train's location, speed, and other parameters, and can intervene or automatically stop the train if necessary to prevent derailments.