The effects of the economic sanctions, imposed following Iraq's invasion of Kuwait in 1990, further crippled the economy and led to shortages of essential goods and services. Following Saddam Hussein's ousting in 2003, Iraq's economy underwent significant changes as the country transitioned to a new government and sought to rebuild in the aftermath of the US invasion. Despite challenges such as ongoing conflict, political instability, and corruption, Iraq's economy has shown signs of recovery in recent years, with growth driven primarily by oil revenues.