While more research is needed to determine if similar effects occur in humans, some studies have found associations between intermittent fasting and longer lifespan. For example, a study in rhesus monkeys found that animals that were fed a diet with reduced calories lived longer and had lower rates of age-related diseases compared to those fed a standard diet. Improved brain function: Fasting has also been shown to have beneficial effects on brain function. Studies have found that fasting can enhance cognitive function, improve memory, and protect against neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. One reason for this may be the production of ketones, which can provide an alternative fuel source for the brain and promote the growth of new neurons.