Iran Before the 1979 Revolution: A Tapestry of Modernization, Tradition, and Turmoil

The political landscape was rife with tension. The Shah's authoritarian rule faced growing opposition from various groups, including leftists, nationalists, and religious conservatives. Political dissent was often met with harsh crackdowns, leading to widespread discontent. Secret police, known as SAVAK, were notorious for their brutal tactics, creating an atmosphere of fear and repression that stifled open dialogue.