The health consequences of sandstorms extend beyond the immediate respiratory problems reported during the event. Exposure to fine particulate matter in dust storms can have long-term effects on respiratory and cardiovascular health. Studies have linked dust storm exposure to an increased risk of chronic respiratory diseases, such as asthma and bronchitis, as well as cardiovascular conditions, such as heart attacks and strokes. Children, the elderly, and individuals with pre-existing health conditions are particularly vulnerable to these long-term health effects.
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