The Earth's Fury: Unveiling the Causes and Consequences of Landslides

Different types of landslides exhibit distinct characteristics and mechanisms of movement. Rockfalls involve the freefall of rocks from steep cliffs or slopes. Topples occur when a mass of rock or soil rotates forward and falls. Slides involve the movement of a mass of material along a defined slip surface, and these can be either rotational or translational. Flows involve the movement of water-saturated material, such as mudflows and debris flows, which can travel rapidly and over long distances. Spreads involve the lateral extension of a mass of soil or rock, often on relatively gentle slopes.