Izmir Submerged: Torrential Rain Paralyses Turkish City

These floods are not isolated incidents but part of a historical pattern of hazard exposure for the city of İzmir. Significant, often deadly, floods have been recorded in previous decades, most notably the devastating 1995 event which resulted in numerous fatalities and massive economic losses. Analyzing these past disasters confirms that the combination of intense meteorological conditions and poor land-use planning in flood-prone zones, particularly near the mouths of steep valleys, consistently heightens the severity of the consequences.