The use of humane deterrents is another integral component of a modern management approach, although persistence is key as foxes are highly intelligent and adapt quickly. Motion-activated water sprinklers, which deliver a sudden, harmless jet of water, are often cited as one of the most effective tools, startling the fox without causing injury. Similarly, certain strong scents that are unpleasant to a fox, such as capsaicin-based products or powerful natural smells like garlic or citrus, can be used to repel them from specific areas. However, these must be applied consistently and renewed frequently, especially after rain, to maintain their efficacy.
