New Islands Formed in the Past 20 Years

 Nishinoshima

In November 2013, an underwater volcanic eruption near the island of Nishinoshima, which lies 620 miles south of Tokyo, created a nearby smaller island, initially called Niijima. By the end of the year, the tiny island had expanded and merged with Nishinoshima, which itself was formed by the same underwater volcano in the 1970s. The conjoined island — a new and bigger Nishinoshima — continued growing as lava flowed in all directions in oddly twisting lobes and tubes. As of March 2014, it was already three times its previous size and was still expanding in October 2015.