Saddam Hussein, the former President of Iraq, launched a full-scale invasion of Iran in September 1980. The reasons for this attack were primarily political and strategic. One reason for the attack was Saddam's desire to increase his influence and control in the region. He saw Iran, especially under the leadership of Ayatollah Khomeini, as a potential threat to his own power and believed that weakening Iran would bolster Iraq's position in the region. Additionally, there were longstanding border disputes between Iraq and Iran, particularly over the Shatt al-Arab waterway.