
Iranian leaders, for their part, pledged a “crushing response” to what they have labelled as crimes against humanity. The language of retaliation has become a familiar refrain in Iranian discourse, yet the specifics remain deliberately ambiguous, fostering an atmosphere of suspense both domestically and abroad. Observers speculated about possible cyberattacks, covert operations, or even direct military strikes as part of Iran’s evolving strategy of deterrence and retribution.