The Diverse Pursuits of the Last Shah of Iran

The Shah also maintained a deliberate association with traditional Iranian sports, ensuring that the modernization drive did not completely supplant the country's ancient heritage. Though not actively participating, his regime offered symbolic support and acknowledgement for enduring pastimes like Zorkhaneh (ritualistic bodybuilding and wrestling) and horse racing. This balancing act was critical for linking his modern dynasty with the thousands of years of Persian history that he continually invoked.