The intrinsic biological differences between men and women further contribute to this sleep gap. Women experience cyclical hormonal changes—due to menstruation, pregnancy, and menopause—that can dramatically impact their sleep health. Fluctuations in estrogen and progesterone throughout the month can lead to symptoms like night sweats, temperature sensitivity, and increased anxiety, all of which are detrimental to continuous rest. For instance, the transition into menopause often introduces severe sleep disruption via hot flashes and shifts in mood, creating a sleep environment that is already biologically precarious, making it even more sensitive to a partner’s presence.
